Sanitation Inspection Of Public Places

CHAPTER I
  INTRODUCTION

1.1. Background


Facilities and public buildings is a place and / or equipment used by the general public to do its work, therefore we need to be managed for the survival of life and livelihood to reach the prosperous state of body, soul and social, allowing users to live and work with socially productive lives . ¹ Facilities and public buildings otherwise qualified environmental health if it meets the needs of physiological, psychological, and can prevent disease transmission among users, residents and surrounding communities, in addition it must meet the requirements in the prevention of accidents. ¹

According to the latest report of World Health Organization (WHO) in 2006 as many as 24% of global disease is caused by all kinds of environmental factors that can be prevented and more than 13 million deaths each year due to preventable environmental factors.² The four main diseases caused by poor environments are diarrhea, Lower Respiratory Tract infections, various types of wounds that are not intense, and malaria. ²

  Sanitation is one of the most important challenges for developing countries. According to WHO, diarrheal diseases kill one child in this world every 15 seconds, because access to sanitation is still too low. ³ This raises major environmental health problems, and undermine economic growth and potential of human resources at the national scale. ³

  Environmentally-based diseases are still the leading cause of death in Indonesia. This tendency is also increasingly gain legitimacy along with the emergence of avian flu and swine flu, the two diseases are highly related to environmental sanitation. In Pekanbaru itself, environment-based disease data in the year 2004, the data obtained as many as 236 cases of malaria, in 2005 198 cases, 195 cases in 2006. Pulmonary tuberculosis in 2004 found 347 cases, 633 cases in 2005, the year 2006 287 cases. DBD tahun 2004 253 kasus, tahun 2005 839, tahun 2006 347 kasus. Year 2004 253 cases of DHF, in 2005 839, year 2006 347 cases.^{2, 3, 4} Year 2006 1.059 cases of diarrhea, ARI 2006 231 cases of the year. Therefore, in the future more intensive and requires serious efforts from many related parties to intervene terahadap environmental factors. ^{2, 3, 4}

Environmental health programs Muara Fajar Health Center has conducted data collection and monitoring activities of sanitation in public places, but these activities have not matched the target set by MOH. From the reports of program activities Kesling months from January to November 2009, there were 42 public places in the area of Puskesmas Muara Fajar, 14 new sanitary examination ever undertaken.  If dipersentasikan, service coverage is 33.33%, while according to the minimum standard of service regency / city that is 80%. Interviews with the responsible program Kesling, the problem lies in the shortage of manpower sanitarian with wide working area, as well as many other workloads.  Besides inspection and sanitary inspection form for public places is not available yet complete.

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